{"id":201,"date":"2016-11-06T12:21:13","date_gmt":"2016-11-06T09:21:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/2016\/11\/06\/saglik-calisanlarinin-kazalardan-korunma-stratejileri\/"},"modified":"2021-01-22T10:45:05","modified_gmt":"2021-01-22T07:45:05","slug":"saglik-calisanlarinin-kazalardan-korunma-stratejileri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/2016\/11\/06\/saglik-calisanlarinin-kazalardan-korunma-stratejileri\/","title":{"rendered":"Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n Kazalardan Korunma Stratejileri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Prof. Dr. Mustafa N. \u0130LHAN\u00a0Gazi \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi \u0130\u015f ve Meslek Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 Bilim Dal\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Anabilim Dal\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

20. y\u00fczy\u0131lla beraber sa\u011fl\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde r\u00f6ntgen \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 ve kimyasal maddelerin daha s\u0131k kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen risklerde art\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir ger\u00e7ek. \u00d6zellikle son zamanlarda yeniden g\u00f6r\u00fclen veya var olan SARS, KKKA, Ebola gibi bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ciddi anlamda tehdit ediyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Korunma Stratejileri<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (DS\u00d6) ve Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (U\u00c7\u00d6) gibi kurulu\u015flar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 korumak ve geli\u015ftirmek temel politikalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. \u00dclkemizde de son d\u00f6nemlerde sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi politikalar\u0131yla beraber buna y\u00f6nelik stratejiler daha \u00e7ok \u00f6n planda tutuluyor. Ku\u015fkusuz sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bireyleri korumak, hastal\u0131klar\u0131 tedavi etmek ve rehabilitasyonu sa\u011flamaktan \u00e7ok daha insanc\u0131l, kolay, ucuz ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir yakla\u015f\u0131m olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkileyen etmenler aras\u0131nda, i\u015f ortam\u0131 kaynakl\u0131 olanlara her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn bir yenisi daha ekleniyor. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131ndan kaynaklanan sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek daha kolay olmakla beraber mesleki maruziyetin engellenmesi yasal,y\u00f6netsel, e\u011fitsel, bireysel \u00e7ok bile\u015fenli \u00e7abalar gerektiriyor. 1951\u2019de DS\u00d6 ve U\u00c7\u00d6 ortak komitesinin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131ma g\u00f6re, \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131; b\u00fct\u00fcn mesleklerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n, bedensel, ruhsal, sosyal iyilik hallerinin korunmas\u0131, geli\u015ftirilmesi, en \u00fcst d\u00fczeyde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi ve i\u015fin insana, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n kendi i\u015fine uyumunun sa\u011flanmas\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n amac\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma (sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 durumu s\u00fcrd\u00fcrme, geli\u015ftirme), sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bozulanlar\u0131 tedavi etme ve rehabilitasyonunu sa\u011flamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131; ancak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131 g\u00f6zetimi ve sa\u011fl\u0131k g\u00f6zetimi ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilir. Ku\u015fkusuz ilk olarak ele al\u0131nacak konu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli bir ortama d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi. \u0130\u015fyerinde sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in temel yakla\u015f\u0131mlar aras\u0131nda; i\u015fe giri\u015f muayenesi, periyodik muayene, i\u015f ya da yer de\u011fi\u015fimi konular\u0131nda e\u011fitimler bulunuyor. \u0130\u015fyeri sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 temel olarak; ortam etkenleri (fiziksel, kimyasal, biyolojik, ergonomik, psikososyal) ve bireysel etkenler ile (ya\u015f, cinsiyet, sa\u011fl\u0131k durumu, beslenme, ki\u015fisel \u00f6zellikler, genetik yap\u0131) belirleniyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fle \u0130li\u015fkili Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sorunlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ortam etkenleri ve bireysel etkenlerden kaynaklanan risklerin kontrol edilemedi\u011fi durumlarda ise \u0130\u015fle \u0130li\u015fkili Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sorunlar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bu sorunlar; Meslek Hastal\u0131klar\u0131, \u0130\u015f Kazalar\u0131, \u0130\u015fle \u0130lgili Hastal\u0131klar olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 grupta s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131labilir. \u0130\u015fle \u0130li\u015fkili Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sorunlar\u0131 yaln\u0131zca bireysel yani \u00e7al\u0131\u015fana ait sorunlar olarak kabul edilmiyor, toplum sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 da b\u00fcnyesinde bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor. Ekonomik ve hukuki boyutu ile sa\u011fl\u0131k sigortac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc artt\u0131r\u0131rken \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 ve ki\u015fiyi olumsuz etkileyerek sosyal sorunlara neden oluyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fle \u0130li\u015fkili Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi, s\u0131k \u00f6ld\u00fcrmesi, s\u0131k sakat b\u0131rakmas\u0131, s\u0131k i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc kayb\u0131 yaratamas\u0131 ve daha da \u00f6nemlisi \u00f6nlenebilir olmas\u0131 en \u00f6nemli sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclmesine neden oluyor. D\u00fcnyada her y\u0131l 270 milyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f kazas\u0131, 160 milyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan meslek hastal\u0131klar\u0131na maruz kalmakta; meslek hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ve i\u015f kazalar\u0131 nedeniyle her\u00a0y\u0131l 2 milyon 200 bin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmektedir. Yakla\u015f\u0131k bir hesapla her alt\u0131 saniyede bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00f6lmektedir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de SGK kay\u0131tlar\u0131na g\u00f6re ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda 191,389 i\u015f kazas\u0131, 371 Meslek Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 meydana gelmi\u015ftir. Say\u0131lar y\u0131llara g\u00f6re son d\u00f6nemde bu veriler \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fmemekle beraber \u00fclkemizde i\u015f kazalar\u0131 fazla g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken, meslek hastal\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok az tan\u0131 almaktad\u0131r. Ancak bu say\u0131lar\u0131n SGK taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flemi tamamlanm\u0131\u015f olgular oldu\u011fu da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 itibar\u0131 ile pek \u00e7ok riskle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fan sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131, \u00fclkemizdeki mevzuat itibar\u0131 ile de \u00e7o\u011funlukla \u201ctehlikeli\u201d ve \u201c\u00e7ok tehlikeli\u201d i\u015flerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. \u00c7ok farkl\u0131 nitelikte olan sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131; hekim, hem\u015fire, teknisyen, sekreter, temizlik g\u00f6revlisi gibi \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 mesleklerde do\u011fal ya da yapay gruplarda g\u00f6rev yaparak farkl\u0131 istihdam bi\u00e7imlerinde hizmet veriyorlar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Prof. Dr. Mustafa N. \u0130LHAN\u00a0Gazi \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi \u0130\u015f ve Meslek Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 Bilim Dal\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":421,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/201"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=201"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/201\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":451,"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/201\/revisions\/451"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/421"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=201"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=201"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=201"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}