3. havaliman\u0131 in\u015faat\u0131yla bir kez daha ko\u015fullar\u0131na \u015fahit oldu\u011fumuz in\u015faat i\u015f\u00e7ileri meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131s\u0131 alamayan meslek gruplar\u0131ndan biri. Halk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Uzman\u0131 \u00c7i\u011fdem \u00c7a\u011flayan bunu \u201c2016 y\u0131l\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re 43 bin civar\u0131nda i\u015f kazas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 sadece 30\u2019dur\u201d diyerek ortaya koyuyor. Kocaeli \u00dcniversitesi Halk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Uzman\u0131 \u00c7a\u011flayan in\u015faat i\u015f\u00e7ilerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen meslek hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 anlatt\u0131 ve meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 te\u015fhisinin bu meslek grubunda neden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.
\n-\u0130n\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7iler hakk\u0131ndaki g\u00fcncel bilgileriniz neler?<\/p>\n
\u0130n\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fc son y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin itici g\u00fcc\u00fc olmu\u015ftur. Nitekim T\u00dc\u0130K\u2019in verilerine g\u00f6re, 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7eyrekler baz\u0131nda GSYH b\u00fcy\u00fcme verileri s\u0131ras\u0131yla %4.5, %5.3, (-%1.3), %3.5 olurken, in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde de\u011fi\u015fimler %5.4, %16.0, %4.0 ve %3.7 olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ekonomideki pay\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc i\u00e7indeki pay\u0131 da y\u00fcksek olup yine T\u00dc\u0130K\u2019in 2018 i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re, t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n %7\u2019si yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 2 milyon i\u015f\u00e7i in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u0130n\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fc i\u015f\u00e7i sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan i\u015f kazas\u0131 nedenli yaralanma ve \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin en s\u0131k ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 sekt\u00f6rlerin de ba\u015f\u0131nda gelmektedir. \u0130n\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde yer alan firmalar geleneksel olarak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli i\u015fletmeler olup, i\u015fletmelerin %60\u2019\u0131 50\u2019nin alt\u0131nda i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i profili a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise \u00e7o\u011funlukla gen\u00e7 ve erkek i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ve kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n yayg\u0131n oldu\u011fu bir aland\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilerin istihdam edildi\u011fi alanlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelmektedir.<\/p>\n
\u2013\u0130n\u015faat ve yap\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 hangi t\u00fcr hastal\u0131klara, nas\u0131l sebep oluyor?<\/p>\n
Yine in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin e\u011fitim d\u00fczeyleri genel olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131 nedeniyle sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bozucu etkenlere daha a\u00e7\u0131k i\u015flerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r. A\u00e7\u0131k havada \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131cak ve so\u011fu\u011fa maruz kalmak, UV \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131na maruz kalmak, y\u00fcksekte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, tozlu ortamda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc, biyolojik riskler, ergonomik riskler gibi in\u015faat yap\u0131m a\u015famalar\u0131 ile ili\u015fkili pek \u00e7ok riskle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalmaktad\u0131rlar. Bu risklerle ili\u015fkili olarak in\u015faat i\u015f\u00e7ilerinde en s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan hastal\u0131klar kas-iskelet sistemi hastal\u0131klar\u0131, asbestozis ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere pn\u00f6mokonyozlar, cilt hastal\u0131klar\u0131, \u00e7e\u015fitli kimyasallarla olu\u015fan hastal\u0131klar, baz\u0131 kanserler, s\u0131cak ve so\u011fukla ili\u015fkili hastal\u0131klar g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u00dclkemizde SGK verilerine g\u00f6re in\u015faat faaliyetleri ile ili\u015fkili i\u015flerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlarda 2016 y\u0131l\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re 43 bin civar\u0131nda i\u015f kazas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 sadece 30\u2019dur.<\/p>\n
-Hangi in\u015faat malzemeleri meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na sebep olur?<\/p>\n
Boyalar, solventler, \u00e7e\u015fitli tozlar, petrol \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, asfalt, asbest, kur\u015fun, \u00e7e\u015fitli gazlar, izolasyon malzemeleri, temizlik malzemeleri, in\u015faat i\u015f\u00e7ileri i\u00e7in \u00f6nde gelen meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkenlerindendir. Kimyasal etkenler nedeniyle olu\u015fabilecek meslek hastal\u0131klar\u0131na ise; silikozis, asbestozis, bron\u015fit, alerjik deri reaksiyonlar\u0131 ve \u00e7e\u015fitli n\u00f6rolojik bozukluklar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilebilir.<\/p>\n
\u0130n\u015faat i\u015fleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda kayalar\u0131n delinmesi par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 sonucu toprakta kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n aras\u0131nda bulunan radon gaz\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Bu durum \u00f6zellikle yol yap\u0131m\u0131, t\u00fcnel gibi bina d\u0131\u015f\u0131 in\u015faatlarda ve temel kazma gibi i\u015fler s\u0131ras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Radon gaz\u0131na maruziyetin akci\u011fer kanseri riskini art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n
-Zararl\u0131 yap\u0131 malzemelerine maruz kalma noktas\u0131nda koruma k\u0131yafetleri ne derecede i\u015fe yar\u0131yor?<\/p>\n
Uygun ki\u015fisel koruyucu donan\u0131mlar\u0131n (KKD) kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 korunmada \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yeri vard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin toz maskeleri ortamda bulunan toz partik\u00fcllerinin \u00e7ap\u0131 ve kimyasal \u00f6zelli\u011fine uygun olarak se\u00e7ilmelidir. Ancak genellikle hem uygun ki\u015fisel koruyucu donan\u0131mlar\u0131n temin edilmemesi, hem de i\u015f yeti\u015ftirme bask\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin KKD kullanmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nmalar\u0131 ya da e\u011fitim d\u00fczeylerinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131 nedeniyle kendilerini koruyacak yeterli bilgiye sahip olmamas\u0131 gibi nedenlerle KKD kullan\u0131m\u0131 etkili olamamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
-\u0130n\u015faat ve yap\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma i\u015f\u00e7ilerinde meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 te\u015fhisini \u00e7ok fazla g\u00f6remiyoruz. Bunun sebepleri neler?<\/p>\n
\u0130n\u015faat i\u015flerinin belli bir periyotta ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi,\u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinin kesintiye u\u011framas\u0131 ta\u015feronla\u015fma, kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin e\u011fitiminin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131, g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilerin k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede i\u015finden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi nedenlerle hastal\u0131kla i\u015f aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 zorla\u015fmakta, bu da daha az meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131s\u0131 konmas\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
-Son olarak eklemek istedikleriniz var m\u0131?<\/p>\n
\u0130n\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fc en riskli i\u015f kollar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelmektedir. \u0130n\u015faat i\u015finin a\u015famalar\u0131 \u00e7ok say\u0131da ve \u00e7e\u015fitte tehlike i\u00e7ermektedir. Bu nedenle ba\u015fta i\u015f kazalar\u0131ndan korunma olmak \u00fczere sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik hizmetlerinin hi\u00e7bir taviz vermeden uygulanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
3. havaliman\u0131 in\u015faat\u0131yla bir kez daha ko\u015fullar\u0131na \u015fahit oldu\u011fumuz in\u015faat i\u015f\u00e7ileri meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131s\u0131 alamayan<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":891,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[8,11],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/890"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=890"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/890\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":892,"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/890\/revisions\/892"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/891"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=890"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=890"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.istesaglikdergisi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=890"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}